A list of major graduate student fellowships and postdoctoral fellowships appears below. The majority of these fellowships are designed for those studying in a particular discipline, although some are open to students across disciplines. Also note that many of the graduate student fellowships are restricted to particular stages of graduate school, such as predoctoral coursework, dissertation research, dissertation writing, etc.

1. American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) Grant-in-Aid
2. American Association of University Women (AAUW) Career Development Grants
3. American Association of University Women (AAUW) Dissertation Fellowship
4. American Association of University Women (AAUW) International Fellowship
5. American Association of University Women (AAUW) Postdoctoral Research Leave Fellowship
6. American Association of University Women (AAUW) Research Publication Grant in Engineering, Medicine, and Science
7. American Musicological Society (AMS) Howard Mayer Brown Fellowship
8. American Psychological Association (APA) Predoctoral Fellowship in Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services
9. American Psychological Association (APA) Postdoctoral Fellowship in Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services
10. American Philosophical Society (APS) Lewis and Clark Fund for Exploration and Field Research
11. American Philosophical Society (APS) Lewis and Clark Fund for Exploration and Field Research in Astrobiology
12. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Trent R. Dames and William W. Moore Fellowship
13. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Freeman Fellowship
14. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Jack E. Leisch Memorial National Graduate Fellowship
15. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) J. Waldo Smith Hydraulic Fellowship
16. American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Arthur S. Tuttle Scholarship
17. American Water Works Association (AWWA) Abel Wolman Fellowship
18. American Water Works Association (AWWA) Graduate Scholarships (numerous)
19. Argonne National Laboratory Graduate Programs
20. Charlotte W. Newcombe Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship
21. Dan David Prize Scholarship
22. Department of Defense (DOD) National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG)
23. Department of Defense (DOD) SMART Fellowship
24. Department of Energy (DOE) Computational Science Graduate Fellowship
25. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science Graduate Fellowship (SCGF) Program
26. Deutscher Akadmisscher Austausch Dienst (DAAD) German Academic Exchange Service Programs (numerous)
27. ExxonMobil Latinos On Fast Track (LOFT) Fellowship Program
28. Facebook Graduate Fellowship Program
29. Fannie & John Hertz Foundation — Five-year Graduate Fellowship
30. Fermilab Graduate Student Research in Theoretical Physics Program
31. Ford Foundation Predoctoral Fellowship
32. Ford Foundation Dissertation Fellowship
33. Ford Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship
34. Fulbright-Hays Doctoral Dissertation Research Abroad Fellowship
35. Graduate Fellowships for STEM Diversity
36. Graham Foundation Carter Manny Award for Dissertation Research
37. Graham Foundation Carter Manny Award for Dissertation Writing
38. Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation Dissertation Fellowship
39. IBM Master's Fellowship Award
40. IBM PhD Fellowship Award
41. James S. McDonnell Foundation
42. Korean American Scholarship Foundation Fellowship
43. L’Oreal USA for Women in Science Postdoctoral Fellowship
44. Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) Graduate Research Assistant Program
45. Margaret McNamara Memorial Fund
46. Mellon/American Council of Learned Societies (ACLS) Dissertation Completion Fellowships
47. Microsoft PhD Fellowship Program
48. National Academy of Education/Spencer Dissertation Fellowship Program
49. National Academy of Education/Spencer Postdoctoral Fellowship Program
50. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Future Investigators in NASA Earth and Space Science and Technology (FINESST) 
51. National GEM Consortium Fellowship
52. National Institute of Health (NIH) F31 Predoctoral Fellowship
53. National Institute of Health (NIH) F31 Predoctoral Fellowship to Promote Diversity in Health-related Research
54. National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Graduate Research Fellowship
55. National Organization of Gay and Lesbian Scientist and Technical Professionals Scholarship
56. National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship Program
57. Schlumberger Foundation Faculty for the Future Fellowship
58. Social Science Research Council (SSRC) International Dissertation Research Fellowship
59. Soros Fellowship for New Americans